Sunday, December 2, 2007

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell: "conviction of Anthony Earl of Shaftesbury for high treason CHAP and of his gallant behaviour on the scaffold The two Chief x Justices Pemberton and North presided at the Old Bailey A 1681_ both devoted tools of the government The former charged Of indict the Grand Jury and instead of telling them that though etdpre the proceeding was ex parte and not conclusive a case must be made out against the prisoner which if not answered would be sufficient to convict him of high treason said That which is referred to you is to consider whether upon the evidence given to you there be any reason or ground for the King to call this person to an account You are not to judge the person"

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell: "Proceed The 24th of November was the critical day and when it ofd Bailed dawned there seemed a strong probability to many that the when bill STATE TRIALS would be ornamented with an account of the Although Dryden has the merit of the ingenious parallel between Jewish and Knglish h istory he was not the first to fix this name on Shaftesbury On the 9th of July 1681 exactly a week after his arrest came out a doggerel poem against him entitled The Badger in the Fox trap containing these lines Besides my titles are as numerous As all my actions various still and bumorous Some call me Tory some ACHITOPHKL Some Jai k-a Dandy some old Machiavel Some call me devil some his foste"

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell: "on which he was committed and against several of witnesses for a conspiracy to convict him by perjury but Pemberton and the other Judges who wished to please the King would not suffer the indictment to be submitted to a grand jury In the mean time every exertion was made to poison the Pamphlets public mind and to prejudice against the accused those who t e were to decide upon his fate Innumerable pamphlets issued hun from the press denouncing him as the great agitator without whose baleful presence all resistance to sound principles in church and state would be at an end The pulpits rang with the dangers to true religion from the nonconformists and he was reviled by name as"

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell: "he replied with a smile I thank you sir but I have nothing to fear they have much therefore pray God to deliver them from me A few days after one of the Popish Lords whom he had been instrumental in sending to the Tower affecting great surprise to find him among them he coolly answered that he had been lately indisposed with an ague and was come to take some Jesuits powder f It seems certain however that while in the Tower he offered to expatriate himself and to spend the remainder of his days in Carolina a colony which he had assisted to settle and where he had propertyJ but the King declared he should be tried by his Peers The difficulty of the government was "

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell

The Lives of the Lord Chancellors and Keepers of the Great Seal of England ... By John Campbell Campbell: "overt act of treason in some county where there was a CHAP manageable grand jury but they had not been properly drilled upon this point and they represented all the treason An 168 able consults to have taken place in Thanet House in the city of London By a London grand jury alone therefore could the bill of indictment be found and London was still in the power of the old liberal corporation The grand jury was to be summoned by the Sheriffs and the Sheriffs were Whigs There were Old Bailey Sessions held on the 7th of July at which regularly the indictment ought to have been preferred but the Attorney General waited in the hope of better Sheriffs Shute and Pilkington the next"

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "And hither came t observe and smoke What courses other riskers took And to the utmost do his best To save himself and hang the rest 420 To match this Saint there was another As busy and perverse a Brother An haberdasher of small wares In politics and state affairs More Jew than Rabbi Achitophel 425 And better gifted to rebel For when h had taught his tribe to spouse The Cause aloft upon one house He scorn d to set his own in order But d "

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "By all these arts and many more H had practis d long and much before Our state artificer foresaw Which way the world began to draw For as old sinners have all points O th compass in their bones and joints Can by their pangs and aches find All turns and changes of the wind And better than by Napier's bones Feel in their own the age of moons So guilty sinners in a state Can by their crimes prognosticate And in their consciences feel pain Some days before a show r of rain He therefore wisely cast about All ways he could t insure his throat "

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "And when he chanc dt escape mistook For art and subtlety his luck So right his judgment was cut fit 395 And made a tally to his wit And both together most profound At deeds of darkness under ground As th earth is easiest undermin d By vermin impotent and blind 400 "

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "For by the witchcraft of rebellion Transform dt a feeble State camelion By giving aim from side to side He never fail d to save his tide But got the start of ev ry state And at a change ne er came too late Could turn his word and oath and faith As many ways as in a lath By turning wriggle like a screw Int highest trust and out for new For when h had happily incurr d Instead of hemp to be preferr d And pass d upon a government He play d his trick and out he went But being out and out of hopes To mount his ladder more of ropes Would strive to raise himself upon The public ruin and his own So little did he understand The desp rate feats he took in hand For when h had got himself a name For fra"

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "For by the witchcraft of rebellion Transform dt a feeble State camelion By giving aim from side to side He never fail d to save his tide But got the start of ev ry state And at a change ne er came too late Could turn his word and oath and faith As many ways as in a lath By turning wriggle like a screw Int highest trust and out for new For when h had happily incurr d Instead of hemp to be preferr d And pass d upon a government He play d his trick and out he went But being out and out of hopes To mount his ladder more of ropes Would strive to raise himself upon The public ruin and his own So little did he understand The desp rate feats he took in hand For when h had got himself a name CANTO ii"

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler

Hudibras: A Poem By Samuel Butler: "Mong these there was a politician With more heads than a beast in vision And more intrigues in ev ry one Than all the Whores of Babylon So politic as if one eye 355 Upon the other were a spy That to trepan the one to think The other blind both strove to blink And in his dark pragmatic way As busy as a child at play 360 H had seen three governments run down And had a hand in ev ry one Was for em and against em all But barb rous when they came to fall For by trepanning th old to ruin j65 He made his int rest with the new one Play d true and faithful though against His conscience and was still advanc d "

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "times Locke was probably caught by his splendid qualities his courage his openness his party zeal his eloquence his fair dealing with his friends aivd his superiority to vulgar corruption Locke's partiality might make him on the other hand blind to the indifference with which he Shaftesbury espoused either monarchical arbitrary or republican principles as best suited his ambition but could it make him blind to tlie relentless cruelty with which he persecuted the papists in the affair of the popish plot merely as it should seem because it suited the purposes of the party with which he was then engaged You know that some of the imputations against him are certainly false the shutting up the Exchequer for instance But the two great blots of sitting on the Regicides and his conduct m the popish plot can never be wiped off The second Dutch war is a bad business in which he engaged heartily and in which notwithstanding all his apologists say he would have persevered if he had Dot found the was him "

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "care Blown like a pigmy by the winds to war A beardless chief a rebel ere a man So young his hatred to his prince begun Next tb how wildly will ambition steer A vermin wriggling in th usurper's ear Bart ring his venal wit for sums of gold He cast himself into tbe saint like mould Gronn d sigh d and pray d while godliness was Tbe loudest bagpipe of the squeaking train But as tis hard to cheat a juggler's eyes His open lewdness he could ne er disguise There split the taint for hypocritic zeal Allows no sins but those it caa conceal gain "

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "A daring pilot in extremity hiçh Pleas d ith the danger when the waves л ent He sought the storm but for a calm unfit Would steer too nigh the sands to boast his wit Great nits are sure to madness near ally d And thin partitions do their bounds divide Else why should he witb wealth and honour bless d Refuse his age the needful hours of rest Punish a body which he could not please Bankrupt of lile yet prodigal of ease And all to leave what with his toil he won T i that unteuther d two legg d thing a son Got while bis soul did huddled notions try And born a shapeless lump like Anarchy In friendship false im"

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "A name to all succeeding ages curs d For close design and crooked counsels fit Sagacious bold and turbulent of wit Restless unfix d in principles and place In pnw r unpleas d impatient of disgrace A fiery soul which working out its way Fretted the pigmy body to decay ЛяЛ o er in Гиг m dt lie lestement of clay "

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "A daring pilot in extremity hiçh Pleas d ith the danger when the waves л ent He sought the storm but for a calm unfit Would steer too nigh the sands to boast his wit Great nits are sure to madness near ally d And thin partitions do their bounds divide Else why should he witb wealth and honour bless d Refuse his age the needful hours of rest Punish a body which he could not please Bankrupt of lile yet prodigal of ease And all to leave what with his toil he won T i that unteuther d two legg d thing a son Got while bis soul did huddled notions try And born a shapeless lump like Anarchy In friendship false im"

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine

A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and ... By Thomas Bayly Howell, William Cobbett, David Jardine: "

Saturday, December 1, 2007

Cowper's Milton, in Four Volumes By William Hayley, John Milton, William Cowper

Cowper's Milton, in Four Volumes By William Hayley, John Milton, William Cowper: "Above the Aonian mount while it pursues Things unattempted yet in prose or rhvme f And chiefly thou O Spirit that dost prefer Before all temples the upright heart and pure Instruct me for thou know st thou from the first Wast present and with mighty wings outspread Dove like sat st on the vast l PARADISE LOST BOOK r "

Feminism and Women's Studies: Memoir of Aphra Behn

Feminism and Women's Studies: Memoir of Aphra Behn: "From 1678 to 1683 were years of the keenest political excitement and unrest. Fomented to frenzy by the murderous villainies of Oates and his accomplices, aggravated by the traitrous ambition and rascalities of Shaftesbury, by the deceit and weakness of Monmouth, and the open disloyalty of the Whiggish crew, party politics and controversy waxed hotter and fiercer until riots were common and a revolution seemed imminent. Fortunately an appeal in a royal declaration to the justice of the nation at large allayed the storm, and an overwhelming outburst of genuine enthusiasm ensued. Albeit the bill against him was thrown out with an 'ignoramus' by a packed jury 24 November, 1681, a year later, 28 November, 1682, Shaftesbury found it expedient to escape to Holland. Monmouth, who had been making a regal progress through the country, was arrested. Shortly after he was bailed out by his political friends, but he presently fled in terror lest he should pay the penalty of his follies and crimes, inasmuch as a true bill for high treason had been found against him. It was natural that at such a crisis the stage and satire (both prose and rhyme), should become impregnated with party feeling; and the Tory poets, with glorious John Dryden at their head, unmercifully pilloried their adversaries. In 1682 Mrs. Behn prod"

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: "to his own religious position the promise extended only to the fourth generation 2Ki níi so And before that term was expired his house had in turn become the subject of severe threatening and had to face the prospect of an exterminating doom По it In his cas as in the case of Jeroboam the worldly policy adopt utterly failed to secure its object The name of Jehu it is said occurs in an inscription on an obelisk discovered in the north west palace of Ximroud which has been interpreted thus Jehu the eon of Khumri supposed to be for Omri and taking the house of Jehu as successor to the house Omri Lajard NinevohaudBabrlon p ei3 It may be so but it certainly does not wear a very natural appearance nor does Scripture give indication of any ultimate connection at that time with the Assyrian empire "

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: "to his own religious position the promise extended only to the fourth generation 2Ki níi so And before that term was expired his house had in turn become the subject of severe threatening and had to face the prospect of an exterminating doom По it In his cas as in the case of Jeroboam the worldly policy adopt utterly failed to secure its object The name of Jehu it is said occurs in an inscription on an obelisk discovered in the north west palace of Ximroud which has been interpreted thus Jehu the eon of Khumri supposed to be for Omri and taking the house of Jehu as successor to the house Omri Lajard NinevohaudBabrlon p ei3 It may be so but it certainly does not wear a very natural appearance nor does Scripture give indication of any ultimate connection at that time with the Assyrian empire "

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: "sin He could decide for Jehovah in opposition to Baal but not for the pure worship of Jehovah as opposed to the idolatrous forms that had been set up at Bethel and Dan To go so far as to abolish these would have been to take Jerusalem for a religious centre and this might have opened the way for a return of the kingdom of Israel to the house of David Policy therefore dictated an adherence to the course pursued by the founder of the Israelitish monarchy And hence while a prolongation of his dynasty was promised for the work of judgment he had executed against the house of Baal it was accompanied with a limitation which implied a want of approval in regard since upon to winch the not called name 13 2 "

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: ""

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: ""

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: ""

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: "UK n known to be a person possessed of qualities whicli peculiarly fitted him at such a time for taking command of the affairs of Israel Why his actual appointment to the office should have been so long delayed no explanation is given but it doubtless arose mainly from that lougsurfering patience in God which waits iu the execution of vengeance till every effort has been exhausted and reformation has become hopeless At last however the set time came and Elisha who now stood in the room of Elijah despatched one of the sons of the prophets to Kamoth gilead where Jehu and the army were at the time contending against Hazael king of Syria with the charge to anoint Jehu king in the name of the Lord He was to do his work expeditiously and secretly and then make liaste as for his life seeing it was a perilous step to take in such a place From the excited manner of "

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn

The Imperial Bible-dictionary By Patrick Fairbairn: ""

Cowper's Milton, in Four Volumes - Google Book Search

Cowper's Milton, in Four Volumes - Google Book Search: "when the superiour Fiend Was moving toward the shore; his ponderous shield, Ethereal temper, massy, large and round, Behind him cast; the broad circumference... 731 books (1796-2007) Page 30 Sheer o'er the crystal battlements ; from morn To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve, A summer's day ; and with the setting sun Dropt from the zenith... 694 books (1710-2007) Page 130 conversing I forget all time; All seasons, and their change, all please alike. Sweet is the breath of Morn, her rising sweet, 'With charm of earliest birds... 853 books (1795-2007) more » Page 34 by Chaos, the Power of that place, to the sight of this new world which he sought. PARADISE LOST. BOOK II. HIGH on a throne of royal state, which far Outshone... 856 books (1745-2007) Page 67 And time, and place, are lost; where eldest Night And Chaos, ancestors of Nature, hold Eternal an-archy, amidst the noise Of endless wars, and by confusion... 509 books (1710-2007) Page 22 Seraphic arms and trophies ; all the while Sonorous metal blowing martial sounds; At which the universal host upsent A shout, that"

that rich soil best deserve precious bane - Google Search

that rich soil best deserve precious bane - Google Search: "Let none admire That riches grow in hell; that soil may best Deserve the precious bane."

Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron : Lord Byron's Don Juan

Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron : Lord Byron's Don Juan: "Catastrophe, Cross-Cultural Issues, Death and Dying, Family Relationships, History of Medicine, Humor and Illness/Disability, Literary Theory, Love, Mother-Son Relationship, Rebellion, Religion, Sexuality, Society, Survival Summary The story itself commences after the vituperative dedication to Robert Southey and several stanzas mocking contemporary heroes, with Don Juan's birth in Seville to Donna Inez and Don José. The adventures begin with his affair with Donna Julia, his mother's best friend. Donna Julia's husband, Don Alfonso discovers the secret romance, and Don Juan is sent to Cadiz. A shipwreck along the way sees him stranded, the lone survivor; there he meets a pirate's daughter, Haidée. Expelled from this paradise by Haidée's father, the pirate Lambro, he is captured, and sold into slavery. Gulbayaz, one of the Sultan's harem, has him purchased and smuggled into her company dressed as a girl; after he spends the night in the bed of one of her courtesans, Gulbayaz threatens both with death. When next we see Don Juan, he has escaped. He joins in the Russian attack on Ismail, where he fights valiantly and rescues Leila, a Muslim child. They are taken to St Petersburg, where he impresses Catherine The Great and joins her entourage. Due to illness, he is sent to London, whe"

Sunday, March 4, 2007

Untitled

Answerable Style: Essays on Paradise Lost - Questia Online Library  Annotated



  • pastoral passage Bk IV (2/4)

     - post by singa1



call," could not be Adam's. It is her voice -- assumed, projected, and heightened by the tempter who is external, but who cannot effectively tempt except internally. The modest excitement of rhythm and verbal sensuousness in Eve's praise to Adam of the order of nature becomes here a celebration of the secret manhidden parts of nature. What was potential in the earlier passage, and strongly intimated by her abrupt and curious question, here becomes explicit -- an answer that emerges in distorting preoccupation, that breaks the order and the place of self in that order.



now is the pleasant time,

The cool, the silent, save where silence yields

To the night-warbling Bird, that now awake

Tunes sweetest his love-labor'd song; now reignes

Full Orb'd the Moon, and with more pleasing light

Shadowie sets off the face of things; in vain,

If none regard; Heav'n wakes with all his eyes,

Whom to behold but thee, Natures desire,

In whose sight all things joy, with ravishment

Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. (V, 38ff)



In this invitation to the "walk by Moon" the solemn bird of night now sings a "love-labor'd song" -- as in the poetry of the fallen world. The light of the moon is now beautiful in a sophisticated way, setting off the face of things by shadow -- a notion more proper to a world where good is known by evil. It is related to the illusion that Mr. Eliot, also working from a concept of timeless order, in "Burnt Norton" ascribes to daylight:



Investing form with lucid stillness

Turning shadow into transient beauty

With slow rotation suggesting permanence.



The answer to the charming variety of moonlight is in the hymn of the next morning: "let your ceaseless change / Varie to our great Maker still new praise." But all of this is no more than the alluring threshold of temptation, the initial titillating satisfaction of sense that vaguely promises what the will perverting itself really wants. The answer to Eve's abrupt question about the beauty of night comes in the guise of an answer (an answer to the


-87-




wills, Night bids us rest." What he bids, Eve"with perfet beauty adornd" obeys unargued, accepting God's law from him. She presents her own praise of the order of nature; it is a prettier poem than Adam's, more graceful and more sensuous, turning in lovely circle about Adam, who is the center giving the order its value:



With thee conversing I forget all time,

All seasons and thir change, all please alike.

Sweet is the breath of morn, her rising sweet,

With charm of earliest Birds; pleasant the Sun

When first on this delightful Land he spreads

His orient Beams, on herb, tree, fruit, and flour,

Glistring with dew; fragrant the fertil earth

After soft showers; and sweet the coming on

Of grateful Eevning milde, then silent Night

With this her solemn Bird and this fair Moon,

And these the Gemms of Heav'n, her starrie train:

But neither breath of Morn when she ascends

With charm of earliest Birds, nor rising Sun

On this delightful land, nor herb, fruit, floure,

Glistring with dew, nor fragrance after showers,

Nor grateful Eevning mild, nor silent Night,

With this her solemn Bird, nor walk by Moon,

Or glittering Starr-light without thee is sweet.

(IV, 639ff)



Then she breaks off with a strangely dissonant abruptness:



But wherfore all night long shine these, for whom

This glorious sight, when sleep hath shut all eyes?

(IV, 657f)



Adam lectures on order again, on the relationship between created and Creator. Man is not the center. His verse rises in pitch to praise, not the things, but their relationship to the Creator. Then they approach the described natural beauty of their "blissful Bower"; negative comparisons from myth ("though but feignd") and time apply their pressure to the moment, chief among them the lovely sad anticipation of Pandora. Finally they make their nocturnal devotions in praise of the Creator of nature.


The voice that Eve heard, of which she says, "I rose as at thy


-86-




call," could not be Adam's. It is her voice -- assumed, projected, and heightened by the tempter who is external, but who cannot effectively tempt except internally. The modest excitement of rhythm and verbal sensuousness in Eve's praise to Adam of the order of nature becomes here a celebration of the secret manhidden parts of nature. What was potential in the earlier passage, and strongly intimated by her abrupt and curious question, here becomes explicit -- an answer that emerges in distorting preoccupation, that breaks the order and the place of self in that order.



now is the pleasant time,

The cool, the silent, save where silence yields

To the night-warbling Bird, that now awake

Tunes sweetest his love-labor'd song; now reignes

Full Orb'd the Moon, and with more pleasing light

Shadowie sets off the face of things; in vain,

If none regard; Heav'n wakes with all his eyes,

Whom to behold but thee, Natures desire,

In whose sight all things joy, with ravishment

Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. (V, 38ff)



In this invitation to the "walk by Moon" the solemn bird of night now sings a "love-labor'd song" -- as in the poetry of the fallen world. The light of the moon is now beautiful in a sophisticated way, setting off the face of things by shadow -- a notion more proper to a world where good is known by evil. It is related to the illusion that Mr. Eliot, also working from a concept of timeless order, in "Burnt Norton" ascribes to daylight:



Investing form with lucid stillness

Turning shadow into transient beauty

With slow rotation suggesting permanence.



The answer to the charming variety of moonlight is in the hymn of the next morning: "let your ceaseless change / Varie to our great Maker still new praise." But all of this is no more than the alluring threshold of temptation, the initial titillating satisfaction of sense that vaguely promises what the will perverting itself really wants. The answer to Eve's abrupt question about the beauty of night comes in the guise of an answer (an answer to the


-87-




wills, Night bids us rest." What he bids, Eve"with perfet beauty adornd" obeys unargued, accepting God's law from him. She presents her own praise of the order of nature; it is a prettier poem than Adam's, more graceful and more sensuous, turning in lovely circle about Adam, who is the center giving the order its value:



With thee conversing I forget all time,

All seasons and thir change, all please alike.

Sweet is the breath of morn, her rising sweet,

With charm of earliest Birds; pleasant the Sun

When first on this delightful Land he spreads

His orient Beams, on herb, tree, fruit, and flour,

Glistring with dew; fragrant the fertil earth

After soft showers; and sweet the coming on

Of grateful Eevning milde, then silent Night

With this her solemn Bird and this fair Moon,

And these the Gemms of Heav'n, her starrie train:

But neither breath of Morn when she ascends

With charm of earliest Birds, nor rising Sun

On this delightful land, nor herb, fruit, floure,

Glistring with dew, nor fragrance after showers,

Nor grateful Eevning mild, nor silent Night,

With this her solemn Bird, nor walk by Moon,

Or glittering Starr-light without thee is sweet.

(IV, 639ff)



Then she breaks off with a strangely dissonant abruptness:



But wherfore all night long shine these, for whom

This glorious sight, when sleep hath shut all eyes?

(IV, 657f)



Adam lectures on order again, on the relationship between created and Creator. Man is not the center. His verse rises in pitch to praise, not the things, but their relationship to the Creator. Then they approach the described natural beauty of their "blissful Bower"; negative comparisons from myth ("though but feignd") and time apply their pressure to the moment, chief among them the lovely sad anticipation of Pandora. Finally they make their nocturnal devotions in praise of the Creator of nature.


The voice that Eve heard, of which she says, "I rose as at thy


-86-



  • pastoral passage Bk IV

     - post by singa1



question planted in the syntax -- "Whom to behold but thee"); it is an invitation to self-love presented more palatably as if from outside the self, in a voice she thinks is Adam's.

  • Pastoral passage of Bk IV

     - post by singa1




call," could not be Adam's. It is her voice -- assumed, projected, and heightened by the tempter who is external, but who cannot effectively tempt except internally. The modest excitement of rhythm and verbal sensuousness in Eve's praise to Adam of the order of nature becomes here a celebration of the secret manhidden parts of nature. What was potential in the earlier passage, and strongly intimated by her abrupt and curious question, here becomes explicit -- an answer that emerges in distorting preoccupation, that breaks the order and the place of self in that order.



now is the pleasant time,

The cool, the silent, save where silence yields

To the night-warbling Bird, that now awake

Tunes sweetest his love-labor'd song; now reignes

Full Orb'd the Moon, and with more pleasing light

Shadowie sets off the face of things; in vain,

If none regard; Heav'n wakes with all his eyes,

Whom to behold but thee, Natures desire,

In whose sight all things joy, with ravishment

Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. (V, 38ff)



In this invitation to the "walk by Moon" the solemn bird of night now sings a "love-labor'd song" -- as in the poetry of the fallen world. The light of the moon is now beautiful in a sophisticated way, setting off the face of things by shadow -- a notion more proper to a world where good is known by evil. It is related to the illusion that Mr. Eliot, also working from a concept of timeless order, in "Burnt Norton" ascribes to daylight:



Investing form with lucid stillness

Turning shadow into transient beauty

With slow rotation suggesting permanence.



The answer to the charming variety of moonlight is in the hymn of the next morning: "let your ceaseless change / Varie to our great Maker still new praise." But all of this is no more than the alluring threshold of temptation, the initial titillating satisfaction of sense that vaguely promises what the will perverting itself really wants. The answer to Eve's abrupt question about the beauty of night comes in the guise of an answer (an answer to the


-87-



  • pastoral passage of Bk IV

     - post by singa1




Some of the lovely pastoral poetry of Book IV turns out to have had this cognitive purpose, which we may examine by looking at the section that celebrates the approach of evening and the preparation for sleep. First there is the pastoral description by the narrative voice of the poem:



Now came still Eevning on, and Twilight gray

Had in her sober Liverie all things clad;

Silence accompanied, for Beast and Bird,

They to thir grassie Couch, these to thir Nests

Were slunk, all but the wakeful Nightingale;

She all night long her amorous descant sung;

Silence was pleas'd: now glow'd the Firmament

With living Saphirs: Hesperus that led

The starrie Host, rode brightest, till the Moon

Rising in clouded Majestie at length

Apparent Queen unvaild her peerless light,

And o're the dark her Silver Mantle threw. (IV, 598ff)



There is unmistakable love expressed for the beauty of nature, but it is a calm and unromantic love, with no nervous quiver in the sensuousness; the beauty celebrated is firmly founded on order, here on the order of day and the order of rest. Adam's twilight recital, which follows, while not altogether unsensuous, dwells almost entirely on the beauty of the natural order as symbol for the human order:



Fair Consort, th' hour

Of night, and all things now retir'd to rest

Mind us of like repose, since God hath set

Labour and rest, as day and night to men

Successive, and the timely dew of sleep

Now falling with soft slumbrous weight inclines

Our eye-lids. (IV, 610ff)



The order of repose is a mark of man's dignity, for he labors in God's eye; the conclusion is practical: "Mean while, as Nature


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  • pastoral passage Bk IV

     - post by singa1




Some of the lovely pastoral poetry of Book IV turns out to have had this cognitive purpose, which we may examine by looking at the section that celebrates the approach of evening and the preparation for sleep. First there is the pastoral description by the narrative voice of the poem:



Now came still Eevning on, and Twilight gray

Had in her sober Liverie all things clad;

Silence accompanied, for Beast and Bird,

They to thir grassie Couch, these to thir Nests

Were slunk, all but the wakeful Nightingale;

She all night long her amorous descant sung;

Silence was pleas'd: now glow'd the Firmament

With living Saphirs: Hesperus that led

The starrie Host, rode brightest, till the Moon

Rising in clouded Majestie at length

Apparent Queen unvaild her peerless light,

And o're the dark her Silver Mantle threw. (IV, 598ff)



There is unmistakable love expressed for the beauty of nature, but it is a calm and unromantic love, with no nervous quiver in the sensuousness; the beauty celebrated is firmly founded on order, here on the order of day and the order of rest. Adam's twilight recital, which follows, while not altogether unsensuous, dwells almost entirely on the beauty of the natural order as symbol for the human order:



Fair Consort, th' hour

Of night, and all things now retir'd to rest

Mind us of like repose, since God hath set

Labour and rest, as day and night to men

Successive, and the timely dew of sleep

Now falling with soft slumbrous weight inclines

Our eye-lids. (IV, 610ff)



The order of repose is a mark of man's dignity, for he labors in God's eye; the conclusion is practical: "Mean while, as Nature


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